How set up networking between host and guest in vbox

Discussion in 'Server Operation' started by centurianii, Nov 7, 2016.

  1. centurianii

    centurianii New Member

    I'm trying to connect my guest that runs Ubuntu server 16.04 with internet so apt-get update etc. will work and I also want to see from my host my sites that are served from Apache in the guest.

    My host is Ubuntu Mate 16.04:
    cent@cent:~/ubs$ ifconfig -a
    eno1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 5c:26:0a:5f:f9:f0
    inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
    inet6 addr: fe80::834e:38d7:f70a:5e51/64 Scope:Link
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:139303 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:149901 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
    RX bytes:95319338 (95.3 MB) TX bytes:32833668 (32.8 MB)
    Interrupt:20 Memory:e2e00000-e2e20000

    lo Link encap:Local Loopback
    inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
    inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
    UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
    RX packets:9832 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:9832 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
    RX bytes:1682145 (1.6 MB) TX bytes:1682145 (1.6 MB)

    vboxnet0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 0a:00:27:00:00:00
    inet addr:192.168.56.1 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
    inet6 addr: fe80::800:27ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:132 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
    RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:32438 (32.4 KB)

    wlp2s0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr a0:88:b4:4d:e5:14
    BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
    RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)​

    My guest:
    magellan@g3site001:~$ ifconfig -a
    enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:4b:16:87
    inet addr:192.168.56.101 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
    inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe4b:1687/64 Scope:Link
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:1888 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:2034 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
    RX bytes:136983 (136.9 KB) TX bytes:277181 (277.1 KB)

    enp0s9 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a7:9f:32
    inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea7:9f32/64 Scope:Link
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
    RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)

    lo Link encap:Local Loopback
    inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
    inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
    UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
    RX packets:250 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:250 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
    RX bytes:20152 (20.1 KB) TX bytes:20152 (20.1 KB)​

    The configuration of my virtual box related with the guest server:
    cent@cent:~/ubs$ VBoxManage showvminfo "Ubuntu Server 64bits 16.04.1 LTS" --details
    Name: Ubuntu Server 64bits 16.04.1 LTS
    Groups: /
    Guest OS: Ubuntu (64-bit)
    UUID: a86595aa-b95f-422d-9d82-3f65a1d51bf8
    Config file: /home/cent/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu Server 64bits 16.04.1 LTS/Ubuntu Server 64bits 16.04.1 LTS.vbox
    Snapshot folder: /home/cent/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu Server 64bits 16.04.1 LTS/Snapshots
    Log folder: /home/cent/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu Server 64bits 16.04.1 LTS/Logs
    Hardware UUID: a86595aa-b95f-422d-9d82-3f65a1d51bf8
    Memory size: 1024MB
    Page Fusion: off
    VRAM size: 16MB
    CPU exec cap: 100%
    ......................
    Storage Controller Bootable (1): on
    IDE (1, 0): /usr/share/virtualbox/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso (UUID: 288888b9-33a4-493d-8582-dcaa4a335f71)
    SATA (0, 0): /home/cent/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu Server 64bits 16.04.1 LTS/Snapshots/{0c796e39-9a2e-410b-be73-6694226d019b}.vdi (UUID: 0c796e39-9a2e-410b-be73-6694226d019b)
    NIC 1: MAC: 0800274B1687, Attachment: Host-only Interface 'vboxnet0', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: 82540EM, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0, Promisc Policy: deny, Bandwidth group: none
    NIC 2: disabled
    NIC 3: MAC: 080027A79F32, Attachment: NAT Network 'NatNetwork', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: 82540EM, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0, Promisc Policy: allow-all, Bandwidth group: none
    NIC 4: disabled
    NIC 5: disabled
    NIC 6: disabled
    NIC 7: disabled
    NIC 8: disabled
    Pointing Device: USB Tablet
    .....................
    Shared folders:
    Name: 'shared', Host path: '/home/cent/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu Server 64bits 16.04.1 LTS/shared' (machine mapping), writable
    .......................
    Description:
    Host: gesite001
    User: magellan
    Pass:
    Installed Packages
    ----------------------------
    DNS server
    OpenSSH server
    Guest:
    Configured memory balloon size: 0 MB
    OS type: Linux26_64
    Additions run level: 2
    Additions version: 5.1.2 r108956
    Guest Facilities:
    Facility "VirtualBox Base Driver": active/running (last update: 2016/11/07 09:07:42 UTC)
    Facility "VirtualBox System Service": active/running (last update: 2016/11/07 09:07:58 UTC)
    Facility "Seamless Mode": not active (last update: 2016/11/07 09:07:42 UTC)
    Facility "Graphics Mode": not active (last update: 2016/11/07 09:07:42 UTC)
    Snapshots:
    Name: Snapshot 1 (UUID: ef398313-16ae-43cd-8cf2-5712523f066e) *
    Now, I followed this to set a static ip for my guest Host-Only interface vboxnet0 that uses 192.168.56.1 as it can be seen from the outputs above.

    magellan@g3site001:~$ sudo cat /etc/network/interfaces
    [sudo] password for magellan:
    # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
    # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
    source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
    # The loopback network interface
    auto lo
    iface lo inet loopback
    # The primary network interface
    auto enp0s3
    #iface enp0s3 inet dhcp
    iface enp0s3 inet static
    address 192.168.56.101
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.56.1
    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8​

    Then, I tried to follow an outdated tutorial there and insert rules in my iptables:
    # fix for vbox
    iptables -A FORWARD -o eno1 -i vboxnet0 -s 192.168.56.0/24 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
    iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
    iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE​

    install dnsmasq and replaced step 3 with a new entry in /etc/network/interfaces:
    magellan@g3site001:~$ sudo cat /etc/network/interfaces
    # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
    # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
    source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
    # The loopback network interface
    auto lo
    iface lo inet loopback
    # The primary network interface
    auto enp0s3
    #iface enp0s3 inet dhcp
    iface enp0s3 inet static
    address 192.168.56.101
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.56.1
    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8
    dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1

    After a restart still can't connect my guest to internet......
    What is the proper way to handle such a situation?
     
  2. sjau

    sjau Local Meanie Moderator

    In the VBox settings, select bridged networking. Then it should automagically work and your VM get an own IP in your lan.
     
  3. centurianii

    centurianii New Member

    I've tested this but with no result. The strange thing is that a clone I made after first install is connected to internet! That clone has address 10.0.2.15 at nic enp0s3
     
  4. sjau

    sjau Local Meanie Moderator

    that looks like adapter is NAT
     
  5. centurianii

    centurianii New Member

    I'm going to write the exact steps that worked for me:
    A. Enabling connection with the internet
    1. At guest Settings -> Adapter 1 -> enable NAT Network (NatNetwork)
    2. Don't touch guest's file '/etc/network/interfaces':
    magellan@g3site001:~$ sudo cat /etc/network/interfaces
    # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
    # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
    source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
    # The loopback network interface
    auto lo
    iface lo inet loopback
    # The primary network interface
    #auto enp0s3
    iface enp0s3 inet dhcp​

    B. Enabling ssh from host

    1. At guest Settings -> Adapter 2 -> enable Host-only Adapter (vboxnet0)
    2. At vbox window File -> Preferences -> Network -> NatNetwork -> Edit: check DHCP and Port Forwarding with rule 1: Host Port 2222 Guest IP 10.0.2.15 (copy IP from B.5) Guest Port 22
    We edit 2 networks here!
    3. Restart guest.
    4. Inspect in guest: 'ifconfig'
    5. If only 'lo' then 'ifconfig -a'
    magellan@g3site001:~$ ifconfig -a​
    enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:4b:16:87
    inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
    inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe4b:1687/64 Scope:Link
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:375 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
    RX bytes:43822 (43.8 KB) TX bytes:539625 (539.6 KB)
    lo Link encap:Local Loopback
    inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
    inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
    UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
    RX packets:18 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:18 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
    RX bytes:1621 (1.6 KB) TX bytes:1621 (1.6 KB)
    Enable: 'sudo ifup enp0s3' and use address 10.0.2.15 in step 2.

    C. Connect to guest from host
    1. Inspect from host Host-only Adapter (vboxnet0 from B.1) with:
    cent@cent:~$sudo nmcli device show vboxnet0
    GENERAL.DEVICE: vboxnet0
    GENERAL.TYPE: ethernet
    GENERAL.HWADDR: 0A:00:27:00:00:00
    GENERAL.MTU: 1500
    GENERAL.STATE: 10 (unmanaged)
    GENERAL.CONNECTION: --
    GENERAL.CON-PATH: --
    WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER: on
    IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 192.168.56.1/24
    IP4.GATEWAY:
    IP6.ADDRESS[1]: fe80::800:27ff:fe00:0/64
    IP6.GATEWAY:​
    Keep address IP4: 92.168.56.1
    2. Type in host: 'cent@cent:~$ ssh -p 2222 [email protected]' with address from previous step.

    D. Inspect default Apache's page in guest from host
    1. At vbox window File -> Preferences -> Network -> NatNetwork -> Port Forwarding add another rule 2: Host Port 8888 Guest IP 10.0.2.15 (copy IP from B.5) Guest Port 80
    2. Restart guest.
    3. Login in guest and edit apache default page '/var/www/html/index.html':
    replace ' <title>Apache2 Ubuntu Default Page: It works</title>' with
    '<title>Apache2 Ubuntu Default Page: It works from GUEST</title>'
    and
    <div class="section_header section_header_red">
    <div id="about"></div>
    It works!
    </div>
    with
    <div class="section_header section_header_red">
    <div id="about"></div>
    It works from GUEST!
    </div>
    4. Restart apache in guest 'sudo apache2ctl restart'.
    5. Open browser in host and type: 'http://192.168.56.1:8888/' and you should see your guest's default page.
    Address is from step C.1 and port from rule 2 in D.1.

    E. Inspect apache's virtual hosts in guest from host
    1. At vbox window File -> Preferences -> Network -> NatNetwork -> Port Forwarding add another rule 3: Host Port 8000 Guest IP 10.0.2.15 (copy IP from B.5) Guest Port 8000 and rule 4: Host Port 8001 Guest IP 10.0.2.15 (copy IP from C.2) Guest Port 8001 for two virtual hosts.
    2. Restart guest.
    3. Edit in host file '/etc/hosts':
    cent@cent:~$ sudo cat /etc/hosts
    127.0.0.1 localhost
    192.168.56.1:8000 suexec-test suexec-test
    192.168.56.1:8001 test_f1HaK4Kp test_f1HaK4Kp
    127.0.1.1 cent cent
    192.168.56.1 g3site001 g3site001​
    4. edit in guest virtual hosts based on ports from rules in E.1 and on ip from B.5
    magellan@g3site001:~$ sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/suexec-test.conf
    #NameVirtualHost *:80
    Listen 8000
    <VirtualHost 10.0.2.15:8000>
    ServerName suexec-test
    ServerAlias suexec-test
    ServerAdmin [email protected]
    ......................​
    and
    agellan@g3site001:~$ sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/test_f1HaK4Kp.conf
    #NameVirtualHost *:80
    Listen 8001
    <VirtualHost 10.0.2.15:8001>
    ServerName test_f1HaK4Kp
    ServerAlias test_f1HaK4Kp
    ServerAdmin test_f1HaK4Kp@test_f1HaK4Kp.com
    .......................​
    5. restart apache `sudo apache2ctl restart'
    6. Open browser in host and type: 'http://192.168.56.1:8001/test_f1hak4kp/index.php' or 'http://192.168.56.1:8000/suexec-test/index.php'.
    That should do for testing of a couple of sites. Again IP is from step C.1 and ports from rules 3 and 4 in E.1.
     
    Last edited: Nov 8, 2016

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